A Multi-Criteria Optimization Framework for the Design and Decision-Making of Complex Engineering Systems

Arvind Kumar Sharma ,Dr. Priya Narayanan
Department of Mechanical Engineering
GITAM University, INDIA.

 Abstract

Complex engineering systems, which include fields like aerospace, automotive, manufacturing, energy, and infrastructure, are defined by a multitude of interacting elements and competing performance goals. Traditional optimization techniques often struggle to effectively manage the diverse criteria present in these systems, such as technical, economic, environmental, and stakeholder-related factors. As a result, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) and multi-objective optimization strategies have become crucial for designing and assessing these systems. This article introduces a comprehensive optimization framework that merges sophisticated multi-objective algorithms with structured decision-making processes to aid design engineers and decision-makers. The framework enables trade-off analysis, accounts for uncertainty, respects stakeholder preferences, and systematically ranks design alternatives using established MCDM methods like the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), VIKOR, and the Best-Worst Method. A thorough literature review traces the development, classifications, and uses of these methods. The methodology section explains how the framework combines optimization models with decision-making layers, and its application is illustrated through a case study. The results highlight the framework’s success in managing design trade-offs, and the implications for engineering practice are emphasized. The study concludes with suggestions for future research and strategies for practical implementation.

 Keywords

Decision Support Framework, Multi-Objective Optimization, Complex Engineering Systems, Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), VIKOR, Best-Worst Method (BWM), Trade-off Analysis